Amnesty International founder Peter Benenson dies at 83

 

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LONDON (AFP) - Peter Benenson, the founder of Amnesty International, the organization that placed human rights in the global consciousness, has died at the age of 83, the group said.

 

Benenson died late Friday in an Oxford hospital, west of London.

He was inspired to start the organization in 1961 after having read an article about two students arrested and imprisoned for drinking a toast to liberty in a Lisbon, Portugal, then under a dictatorship.

What began as a one-year campaign to press for the release of six prisoners of conscience has today turned into the world's largest human rights group, with more than 1.8 million members and supporters.

"Peter Benenson's life was a courageous testament to his visionary commitment to fight injustice around the world," Irene Khan, the London-based organization's secretary-general, said in a statement.

"He brought light into the darkness of prisons, the horror of torture chambers and the tragedy of death camps around the world."

"This was a man whose conscience shone in a cruel and terrifying world, who believed in the power of ordinary people to bring about extraordinary change and, by creating Amnesty International, he gave each of us the opportunity to make a difference."

"In 1961 his vision gave birth to human rights activism. In 2005 his legacy is a worldwide movement for human rights which will never die."

Nearly half a century ago, human rights received little attention around the world, but Amnesty International -- and many similar organizations such as Human Rights Watch and Global Witness it spawned -- made repressive regimes, politicians and the media take notice.

The trailblazing group's annual report on the state of global human rights receives widespread coverage. It has been strongly critical recently of the US-led "war on terror" and the organization has unfailingly opposed the use of the death penalty, regardless of the circumstance.

In the first few years of Amnesty's existence, the London-born Benenson supplied much of the funding for the movement, went on research missions and was involved in all aspects of the organization's affairs.

At its 25th anniversary, he lit what has become Amnesty's symbol -- a candle entwined in barbed wire -- and said that it burned "for all those whom we failed to rescue from prison, who were shot on the way to prison, who were tortured, who were kidnapped, who disappeared. This is what the candle is for."

Born on July 31, 1921 the son of a Jewish banker with Russian roots, he was brought up by his widowed mother, and studied law at Oxford University.

Other activities that Benenson was involved in during his lifetime included adopting orphans from the Spanish Civil War, bringing Jews who had fled Hitler's Germany to Britain, observing trials as a member of the Society of Labour Lawyers, helping to set up the organisation "Justice" and establishing a society for people with coeliac disease.

In 1966 he distanced himself from the movement. Converting to Catholicism, he devoted himself to prayer and literature.

http://www.amnesty.org.uk/amnesty/history/biography.shtml